a complex cognitive-functional function that reflects the driver’s ability to accurately perceive and evaluate different time intervals while driving, allowing him to organize his actions and anticipate their results in a realistic and safe time frame. This includes estimating the time it takes to respond to sudden stimuli, the time it takes to brake completely or gradually, the time it takes to complete an overtaking safely, and the expected time to travel a certain distance in changing road conditions. This ability is a key element in making informed decisions on the road because it reduces the likelihood of misjudgments that could lead to collisions or dangerous situations. This concept is based on the interaction of a number of basic psychological functions, first of all, spatio-temporal attention, which makes it possible to track the relationship between time and traffic in the road situation; working memory, which stores real-time information related to speed and distance for use in decision-making; and the speed of information processing, which allows the driver to transform real-time perception into a prompt response in a short time. It also intersects with preventive distance and speed estimation, which allows the driver to predict the time it takes to avoid a collision or overcome obstacles. Executive control also plays a role in regulating attention and choosing appropriate responses, while emotional control reduces the impact of stress or psychological pressure on the accuracy of time estimation. Thus, the psychological evaluation of time represents a fundamental pillar of traffic efficiency, as it combines sensory-cognitive perception and executive-emotional control. It provides a mental foundation that helps the driver to make more accurate and informed decisions in changing and complex traffic situations, thus contributing to improving road safety and preventing errors related to incorrect timing.