A complex series of psychological and physiological interactions linking the emotional perception of pain to chronic physical reactions. Catastrophizing pain is defined as an exaggerated cognitive-emotional pattern characterized by overestimating the intensity of pain, persistent negative thinking, and excessive fear of its consequences. This triggers intertwined physical and psychological reactions that increase the likelihood of developing psychosomatic symptoms. When experiencing catastrophic pain, the brain begins to process pain intensely by activating neural structures associated with the stress response, such as the limbic system, leading to stimulation of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system. As a result, the secretion of stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline increases, leading to a persistent increase in blood pressure, muscle tension, gastrointestinal disorders and changes in immune function. These conditions underlie the onset or exacerbation of psychosomatic symptoms, such as chronic headaches, back pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, catastrophizing pain contributes to the development of chronic anxiety, depression, and frustration, and reduces the ability to use effective coping strategies such as emotional regulation, cognitive reappraisal, and positive thinking. It also reduces psychological resilience, flexibility, and self-efficacy, leading to a buildup of psychological distress and an increase in the duration of stress-related physical symptoms. This pattern of response creates a sustained negative cycle in which the catastrophizing of pain exacerbates psychosomatic symptoms, which in turn increase the perception and fear of pain, exacerbating the psychological and physical impact on the individual.