German physician, physiologist, psychologist and linguist. He specialized in the field of experimental psychology and is considered its founder. Less known as a key figure in social psychology, however, the last years of Wundt’s life were spent under the sign of the psychology of peoples (see Psychology of Peoples in Chapter 1.8 Key Psychological Concepts in Social Psychology), which he understood as the doctrine of the social basis of higher mental activity. Wundt is the founder of the first research psychological laboratory (1879), which began the separation of psychology into a separate independent science. Two years after its foundation, the laboratory turned into the Psychological Institute. Wundt’s psychological concept was, in fact, structuralist. He tried to apply the natural-scientific method in the analysis of conscious inner experience, dubbing it “mental matter” and trying to identify and describe its simplest structures. Thus, consciousness was divided into psychic elements: sensations, images, and feelings. The most important result of Wundt’s scientific research is the institutionalization of psychology as an independent science.