Aspects that form a psychological reaction:
1) The existing level of trust in political institutions: the lower the level of trust, the more intense the emotional reaction.
2) The degree of political division and polarization: a high level of polarization leads to an increase in negative reactions.
3) The role of the media and social networks: which can exacerbate the crisis by spreading rumors or contributing to increased social tensions.
4) Previous political experience: repeated involvement in electoral crises in the past.